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Males and under 30s at greatest risk of hospital admission for drug related poisonings

16 December 2015
Drug and alcohol-related harm in young people is in the news

Poisonings from recreational drug and alcohol use account for 9 per cent of all poisoning-related hospital admissions, says a new University of Sydney study revealing that males and people under 30 are at greatest risk.聽

Published today in , the finding underscores the harm and prevalence associated with recreational drug use among young people following a recent string of drug and alcohol-related deaths and poisonings at .

鈥淩ecreational poisonings are events arising from the use of alcohol, illicit or prescribed drugs for recreational purposes, or to induce psychoactive effects,鈥 says the study鈥檚 lead author, , a Research Fellow at Sydney Medical School. 鈥淭hey represent a significant and potentially lethal form of harm associated with drug use.鈥

The report is based on 13,805 patient records collected between January 1996 and December 2013 using data from the Hunter Area Toxicology Service (HATS), Australia鈥檚 oldest toxicology service.

The report finds that stimulants were the drug class most commonly linked to recreational poisonings, followed by alcohol, opioids, sedatives, hallucinogens, cannabis, non-narcotic analgesics, ecstasy and cocaine.

Compared to other poisoning admissions, recreational drug poisonings were three times more likely to occur between 3am and 6am than 9am to 5pm and 40 to 60 per cent more likely to occur from Friday to Sunday compared to a Monday.

Males were 2.8 times more likely to present to hospital for recreational drug poisonings than females and those aged less than 30 were 1.6 times more likely to present than people aged 30 years and above.

The finding reflects a 鈥榖inge鈥 culture associated with weekday restraint and weekend excess of alcohol and recreational drugs

鈥淭he finding that peak recreational poisoning admissions occurred on Fridays and Saturdays reflects a 鈥榖inge鈥 culture, associated with weekday restraint and weekend excess of alcohol and recreational drugs,鈥 says Kate Chitty who noted that the findings from the Hunter region reflected general patterns of drug and alcohol use across Australia.

鈥淭hat we see these patterns most commonly in young people highlights that these potentially life-threatening hospital admissions are not the result of years of drug abuse but are largely associated with binge behaviour considered 鈥榥ormal鈥 by many of Australia鈥檚 youth.鈥

Just over half of recreational drug poisonings (51 per cent) included only one class of drug, while the remaining cases (49 per cent) involved two or more classes of recreational substances.

The most common co-ingested substance was alcohol, comprising almost half of all recreational poisonings. Six (0.5 per cent) patients died as a result of their recreational poisoning. All of these patients had taken an opioid, one patient had co-ingested benzodiazepine and three had co-ingested alcohol.

The research was funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Program Grant.

Dan Gaffney

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